Claims
From Document to Headline: Follow a News Claim’s Changing Shape
Follow a news claim from document to headline to see what each version preserves, narrows, or leaves out—and choose…
All the explainers
All explainers
Read explainers on claims, sources, framing, context and uncertainty. Each piece focuses on a distinct question and makes the limits of its answer clear.
Sources
Witness, Spokesperson or Record: What a Source Can Establish
Learn what a witness, spokesperson, or documentary record can establish, so you can judge a news claim without…
Framing
How the Inverted Pyramid Shapes a News Story
The inverted pyramid puts a news story’s central development first. Learn how its order affects context, timelines…
Uncertainty
The Headline Sounds Certain. Does the Story?
Compare headline certainty with the report beneath it to spot what is established, what remains unsettled, and how to…
Context
One Story, Two Accounts: A Sunday Routine for Comparing News Reports
Compare two news reports by tracing their shared sources, distinct framing, and open questions, so you can describe…